The 40th Animal Protection Research Prize was awarded in Berlin to Dr Jan Bruder and Dr Hendrik Renner of the Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine in Münster, Germany for developing an automated process to produce human midbrain organoids that can be used to model diseases of the human nervous system such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and reduce the number of animal experiments performed in this area of research. The prize is awarded annually and includes prize money of €25,000.